Overview

Osteoporosis is one of the most common chronic conditions in general practice, and the clinical endpoint that matters is a fragility fracture. Despite this, osteoporosis is underdiagnosed and under-treated in Australia, and many patients who meet PBS criteria for pharmacologic therapy are either on no treatment or on a regimen they struggle to maintain.

This guide takes your practice team through a complete Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycle focused on introducing Aclasta (zoledronic acid) infusions as an in-house service. It covers patient selection, pre-infusion pathology, clinical protocol development, consent, nursing checklists and recall logic. The worked example shows how a real practice identified suitable patients, developed and approved a protocol, and embedded the service.

Completing the full cycle can contribute up to 9 Continuing Professional Development (CPD) hours across Educational Activities, Reviewing Performance and Measuring Outcomes categories when submitted as a practice-based or group activity.

What the guide covers

Clinical protocol

Patient selection criteria, pre-infusion pathology thresholds, creatinine clearance calculation, infusion rate, observation schedule and adverse-event pathway. Includes a traffic-light administration criteria table.

Consent and documentation

Informed consent content, Best Practice shortcuts (ACLASTADR), patient-facing advice and consumer medicines information. Covers the ONJ risk conversation at osteoporosis doses.

Nursing checklist and recall

Pre-infusion, in-the-chair and post-infusion nursing checklist. IV access, vital sign observations and adverse reaction protocol. Annual recall setup for ongoing doses.

CPD hours breakdown

Completing the full PDSA cycle can contribute up to 9 CPD hours. The breakdown below shows how hours are allocated across RACGP CPD categories.

Educational Activities (3 hours)

Evidence review, bisphosphonate comparison, ONJ risk at osteoporosis doses, clinical protocol development and team education sessions.

Reviewing Performance (3 hours)

Pre-infusion pathology audit, creatinine clearance and vitamin D status review, outcome tracking across infusions.

Measuring Outcomes (3 hours)

The PDSA cycle itself: planning, implementation, reassessment and documentation of changes embedded in practice workflows.

Key topics

Patient identification and osteoporosis audit

Pre-infusion pathology and safety thresholds

Infusion protocol and nursing procedure

PBS eligibility and billing structure

Consent, ONJ risk and adverse-event management

Revenue opportunity

Unlike cost-avoidance topics, Aclasta infusion is a revenue-generating service that also builds patient retention.

Infusion fee

There is no dedicated MBS item for short-duration infusions in general practice. Practices typically charge a private infusion fee plus a GP supervision fee. Zoledronic acid is PBS-subsidised for qualifying indications.

Patient retention

Patients on annual infusion schedules rarely change practice once the service is established. The service captures patients who would otherwise be sent to a day infusion unit or hospital clinic.

Who should use this guide

Dr Chris Mitchell AM

Dr Chris Mitchell AM, FAICD is co-founder of Medius Global and a Rural General Practitioner and Rural Generalist with more than 35 years of experience in Northern NSW. He is a Fellow of the Australian Institute of Company Directors and a Past President of the Royal Australian College of General Practitioners. He was previously Head of Adoption, Benefits and Change at the National eHealth Transition Authority (NEHTA). He has served on numerous health sector boards, including the RACGP, NPS MedicineWise, Therapeutic Guidelines Ltd, The Rural Doctors Network and North Coast GP Training. Chris was awarded Member of the Order of Australia (AM) in 2013 for services to general practice and received a Rural Doctors Network Rural Medical Service Award in 2025.

Read the guide

This PDSA guide is free for Australian GP practices.

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